In India, bidi cigarettes are less expensive and more heavily consumed than traditional commercial cigarettes. It is a common misconception that because these cigarettes are less expensive, they are also less harmful. That is untrue. Bidis are as harmful as other cigarettes and can cause death from lung and heart disease. This article discusses what bidis are, how they are made, and their potential health risks. What Are Bidi Cigarettes?...

Watson is also known for the Little Albert experiment, in which he demonstrated that a child could be conditioned to fear a previously neutral stimulus. His research also revealed that this fear could be generalized to other similar objects. Early Life John B. Watson was born January 9, 1878, and grew up in South Carolina. He entered Furman University at the age of 16. After graduating five years later with a master’s degree, he began studying psychology at the University of Chicago, earning his Ph....

Those feelings are often referred to as a “high,” which is something people are known to “chase.” We’ll take a look at the brain chemical dopamine and examine how it can be a slippery slope for some people in relation to addiction. First, you’ll learn what dopamine is. Then, we’ll examine the pleasurable activities that can provide it, why they can potentially lead to problems, and what behaviors you can follow to prevent getting too dependent on the feelings that accompany a surge in dopamine....

Genetics Your genetics may play a role in determining whether or not you will develop GAD. As with many other mental and medical health conditions, a person can be genetically predisposed to developing certain symptoms. This is the same with generalized anxiety disorder. Technological and methodological advances have allowed researchers to examine the role genes play in the development of GAD in more detail, but the research is still in preliminary stages....

The causes behind treatment-resistant depression aren’t clear but current studies have shown potential risk factors. These include brain and body risk factors, family history and genetics, and lifestyle factors. Brain & Body Risk Factors Let’s take a look at some of the factors that may precede treatment-resistant depression. Other Underlying Health Issues Depression can be comorbid with certain physical conditions. These include heart disease, gastrointestinal problems, and hypertension. Treatment-resistant depression has also been strongly associated with chronic non-cancer pain conditions....

The college party culture has been identified as problematic. Binge drinking, which seems deeply woven into campus culture and considered “normal behavior," has become a major concern. It contributes to lower grades, sexual assaults, and alcohol use disorders. But there is another related danger lurking: “drunkorexia.” Food and Alcohol Disturbance Disordered eating and binge drinking are both common problems on college campuses. Furthermore, disordered eating and alcohol abuse often occur together—and when they do, the problems they create can be greater than the sum of the parts....

Responses to Traumatic Events Because psychological responses vary for each person, it’s important that those treating or living with individuals undergoing a crisis learn to recognize the common reactions to a traumatic event. Reactions can include changes in behavior, physical well-being, psychological health, thinking patterns, spiritual beliefs, and social interactions. These signs, symptoms, and reactions are common psychological responses to a crisis or traumatic event. Some of them include: Anger, moodiness, and irritability Becoming obsessive Crying Denial Disbelief Disinterest in previous activities Emotional numbness Forgetfulness Grief Guilt Increased use of alcohol and drugs Isolation or withdrawal from others Nightmares and other sleep disturbances Panic Questioning faith or religion Sleeping too much Social withdrawal...

There can be both relief and despair in receiving this diagnosis. The relief can be from knowing that there is a reason why you’re experiencing this and that there are options for recovery. The despair can come from feeling overwhelmed by the road to health that lies ahead. Both are completely normal feelings. You may be the loved one of someone grappling with a new diagnosis of anorexia. You may not understand their healing process or are seeking support for yourself as you navigate the journey of supporting them....

Actually chewing gum yourselfComing close to a person chewing gumThe sight of previously chewed gum Diagnosis Chiclephobia is a diagnosable anxiety disorder. As part of their initial assessment, your therapist will compare your symptoms against the criteria for an official specific phobia diagnosis as outlined in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association. Symptoms of specific phobia include:...

Sometimes, people get cravings for healthy foods. However, many tend to crave foods that are typically less nutritious. Very salty, sweet, or fatty foods such as certain processed snacks, fast food, and carbonated drinks are high up on the list of foods that people crave. Consuming these types of foods on a regular basis can lead to many health problems, most commonly obesity. Cravings are a feeling many people are familiar with....

Diabetes Diabetes is a disease that occurs when one’s blood glucose is too high as a result of problems with the hormone insulin. When food is eaten, the body converts it into glucose that enters the bloodstream. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps turn glucose into energy that can be used by the body’s cells. Without a properly functioning insulin system, the body cannot break down glucose....

Diagnosing AUD can be tricky since the diagnosis depends on the person doing the drinking being willing to honestly answer a series of questions about drinking patterns and attitudes. AUD is the medical term for alcohol abuse, like binge drinking, or it can be used to mean alcohol dependence, such as your body goes into withdrawal without alcohol. Alcohol dependence is alcoholism. Denial Makes Diagnosis More Difficult Getting an honest answer about alcohol use and its effects on your life can be a problem because a common symptom of alcoholism is denial....

Psychologists rely on both quantitative and quantitative research to better understand human thought and behavior. This article discusses what qualitative and quantitative research are, how they are different, and how they are used in psychology research. Qualitative Research vs. Quantitative Research In order to understand qualitative and quantitative psychology research, it can be helpful to look at the methods that are used and when each type is most appropriate. Psychologists rely on a few methods to measure behavior, attitudes, and feelings....

Each scenario can raise concerns about what is “normal” in therapy and what is necessary to receive the best results possible. But, while you don’t have to like your therapist as much as you would a friend, you certainly should like them. Read on to learn why! Do I Have to Like My Therapist? There may be times in your therapy sessions when you’re wondering if you need to like your therapist....

A sizable number of people considering bariatric surgery may have an eating disorder. An existing eating disorder can make the outcome of bariatric surgery worse. Furthermore, the surgery itself may create conditions that cause or mimic eating disorders or disordered eating. What Is Bariatric Surgery? Bariatric surgery, also known as weight loss surgery, refers to a range of procedures that physically alter the structure of the body in order either to restrict the volume of food that can be consumed or to cause nutrient malabsorption in order to produce weight loss....