Love is a basic human emotion. But understanding how and why it happens is not necessarily easy. In fact, for a long time, many suggested that love was something too primal, mysterious, and spiritual for science to ever fully understand. Still, many have tried to learn more about this feel-good emotion. Here are five of the major theories proposed to explain love and other emotional attachments. Liking vs. Loving In 1970, psychologist Zick Rubin proposed an explanation for the difference between liking and loving....

Toxic and unhealthy relationships are often baffling to people on the outside. Surely, if someone makes you miserable or is physically or emotionally abusive, the obvious decision is to leave them—right? The reality is often more complicated due to many factors, including finances, children, and emotions. To leave a toxic relationship, you should: What Is a Toxic Relationship? A toxic relationship is one that is harmful. While some signs of a toxic relationship are more obvious—like physical abuse, repeated infidelity, and inappropriate sexual behavior—others can be harder to detect....

While many psychology careers have a higher than average yearly salary, it is important to remember that actual income depends upon various factors, including geographic location, employment sector, educational background, and years of experience. Learn more about some of the highest-paying psychology careers, the typical salaries for such professions, and the educational requirements for entering these fields. Educational Requirements: Considered a medical career, psychiatry is significantly tied to the study and application of psychology....

One potential consequence of increased substance use is the development of addiction or, if in recovery, addiction relapse. If you are finding it difficult to cope with a new or existing addiction after COVID-19, here are nine things you can do. Recognize the Signs of Addiction and Relapse One of the first steps to dealing with addiction post-COVID-19 is recognizing that an issue exists. Problematic use of drugs or alcohol can lead to a substance use disorder....

As a new addition to this series, here is a day in the life of a teenager with SAD. Although SAD symptoms in teens are not always different from those experienced by adults, teens may express their anxiety somewhat differently from adults. In many ways the challenges that they face can be even harder; social and academic pressures can often make social anxiety symptoms worse. Perhaps you are a teenager with social anxiety and this story sounds a lot like you....

Based on questionnaire responses from 906 pairs of fathers and their adolescents from Chinese families, this study indicated that paternal adult attachment avoidance increased adolescent anxiety. By better understanding the impact of parental attachment styles of secure, anxious ambivalent, avoidant dismissive, and fearful-avoidant on the mental health of their children, these findings can inform treatment plans for families. Avoidant Attachment Can Trigger Anxiety Another study published in Frontiers in Psychology in August 2021 found that paternal avoidance negatively predicts the attachments of their children, with harsh parenting from fathers having a more negative impact on their children when compared to the effects of maternal harsh parenting....

If you’ve been using Adderall to study, get high, or to feel more awake, you can also become addicted to it. Addiction is a complex disease that adds another layer of difficulty to the withdrawal experience. Adderall Withdrawal Overview According to research published in 2016, Adderall misuse is most common among people ages 18 to 25. A sizable portion of these users take Adderall because they believe it makes them smarter or more capable of studying....

As a parent, it can be hard to see your child losing control. While we can’t make the anger disappear, we can help our children better manage these intense reactions. Understand Triggers Be aware of what triggers your child’s angry meltdowns. Are there particular times of day that anger appears to peak? Are there any patterns? Some times when anger may appear: You may notice that after school time is most difficult as your child is able to let down their guard and release pent up feelings....

Lewis Terman later revised the scale and standardized the test with subjects drawn from an American sample and the test became known as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. The test is still in use today and remains one of the most widely used intelligence tests. Best Known For Binet-Simon Intelligence ScaleStanford-Binet IQ Test Early Life Alfred Binet was born Alfredo Binetti on July 8, 1857,​ in Nice, France. His father, a physician, and his mother, an artist, divorced when he was young and Binet then moved to Paris with his mother....

It’s very important that a person gets the correct diagnosis so they can receive proper treatment.  Unfortunately, it can be difficult to tell the difference between the conditions, and misdiagnosis can happen. Can Depression Turn Into Bipolar Disorder? While an episode of clinical depression can be a feature of bipolar disorder or unipolar depression (major depressive disorder), it is not always easy to predict if the episode indicates the presence of bipolar disorder....

Using the correct APA citation format demonstrates that you are familiar with the research on your topic, that your sources have been accurately documented, and that your conclusions are backed up by solid evidence. Your in-text citations are just as important as your reference section. APA format establishes clear rules for how to cite works using author information. The specific APA citation format you use will vary depending upon the source and the number of authors to whom the source is attributed....

This research, published in Pervasive and Mobile Computing, was conducted with data from adult participants in Pakistan, whereby movements were recorded with the use of a sensor as individuals performed a series of activities in a particular order. These strides with technology have the potential to open up new possibilities for addressing mental health challenges more effectively. Detecting Anxiety Through Behavior This study was conducted with ten participants, between the ages of 20 and 50 years, with motion sensors used to detect behavioral signs of anxiety....

Scoring the MSI-BPD Each item in the MSI is rated as a “1” if it is present and a “0” if it is absent, and items are totaled for possible scores from 0 to 10. A score of 7 is generally considered a valid clinical cutoff, meaning that a score of 7 or higher indicates that a person likely meets the criteria for a BPD diagnosis. However, some researchers have proposed a lower cutoff....

As such, PTSD (a disorder caused by exposure or threats of death, serious injury, or sexual violence) can lead to other disorders that each have their own set of unique causes, characteristics, and symptoms. In addition to GAD, other co-occurring disorders can include panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and specific phobia. Understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) goes well beyond the normal worrying and fretting that most people experience....

Learn more about the negative health effects linked with overdosing on marijuana. Anxiety or panic attacksHeart arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat)Nausea or vomiting Paranoia or psychosis THC Overdose Marijuana (also often called weed or cannabis) doesn’t come with a clear definition of overdose. Doctors aren’t entirely sure how much tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) it takes to overdose. THC is the ingredient in marijuana most likely to induce the high that some people are seeking....

History Early influences on the field of clinical psychology include the work of the Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. He was one of the first to focus on the idea that mental illness was something that could be treated by talking with the patient, and it was the development of his talk therapy approach that is often cited as the earliest scientific use of clinical psychology. American psychologist Lightner Witmer opened the first psychological clinic in 1896 with a specific focus on helping children who had learning disabilities....